Estetika Struktur Atap Tajug pada Masjid Tradisional Jawa sebagai Manifestasi Konsep Spiritual Islam

Ahid Rizqy Sutanto; Wafa Aulia Hasbullah

doi:10.62383/imajinasi.v3i2.1109

Authors

Ahid Rizqy Sutanto Universitas Islam Negri Walisongo Semarang
Wafa Aulia Hasbullah Universitas Islam Negri Walisongo Semarang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.62383/imajinasi.v3i2.1109

Keywords:

Islamic Architecture, Tajug Roof, Traditional Mosque, Spiritual Aesthetics, Vernacular Architecture

Abstract

Traditional mosques on the island of Java possess distinctive architectural characteristics through the use of the tajug (tiered) roof, which differentiates them from mosque typologies commonly found in the Middle East. Beyond serving as a structural element and a response to tropical climatic conditions, the tajug roof also embodies profound philosophical and spiritual values. This study aims to examine the spiritual aesthetic meanings embedded in the tajug roof structure of traditional Javanese mosques through the Basis of Thinking approach. The research employs a qualitative method with a library research approach. Data were collected from various secondary sources, including scientific journals, books on Nusantara architecture, and literature concerning Javanese cosmology and Islamic mysticism. The analysis was conducted by identifying the structural components of the tajug roof and relating them to the concepts of Islamic spirituality. The findings reveal that the vertical and tiered arrangement of the tajug roof functions not only as a technical solution to the tropical climate but also as a representation of the spiritual journey toward Ma’rifatullah through the stages of Sharia, Tariqa, Haqiqa, and Ma’rifa. Architectural elements such as the soko guru, tiers, brunjung, and mustaka contain Islamic symbolism that reinforces the value of tawhid within the worship space. Furthermore, the form and construction of the tajug roof demonstrate a harmonious integration of ecological functions, local wisdom, and Islamic teachings. Therefore, traditional Javanese mosque architecture can be understood as a medium of spiritual expression that integrates vernacular intelligence with Islamic theological values.

References

Fathoni, M. R., & Hidayat, S. (2025). Kebijakan desain pasif arsitektur vernakular dalam merespons krisis iklim global. Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Bangunan, 14(1), 23–38.

Husnan, M., & Anwar, K. (2024). Metode dasar pemikiran dalam rekonstruksi teori estetika arsitektur Islam Nusantara. Jurnal Teori dan Desain Arsitektur, 9(2), 112–126.

Ibrahim, A., & Wijaya, H. (2024). Kajian tipologi struktural atap tumpang pada arsitektur religius di Pulau Jawa. Jurnal Konstruksi Tradisional, 6(1), 45–59.

Maarif, S. (2024). Simbolisme soko guru dalam kosmologi ruang masyarakat Muslim Jawa tradisional. Jurnal Kebudayaan dan Pemikiran Keagamaan, 19(3), 201–216.

Nasr, S. H. (2022). Islamic art and spirituality. State University of New York Press.

Nugroho, B., & Saputra, A. (2025). Analisis performa termal material kayu dan sirap pada bangunan ibadah tropis. Jurnal Fisika Bangunan Nusantara, 7(2), 87–99.

Prijotomo, J. (2021). Tektonika arsitektur Jawa: Logika dan estetika struktur kayu. Wastu Laras.

Raharjo, T. (2024). Komodifikasi arsitektur Timur Tengah dan hilangnya identitas lokal masjid kontemporer di Indonesia. Jurnal Sosio-Arsitektur, 12(4), 310–324.

Setyawan, I. (2023). Dari Gunung Meru ke Tauhid: Dekonstruksi makna simbolik ruang sakral Jawa oleh Walisongo. Jurnal Sejarah dan Peradaban Islam, 8(1), 54–68.

Subarkah, E., & Utomo, M. (2025). Rekayasa tahan gempa berbasis kearifan lokal pada konstruksi kayu interlock Jawa kuno. Jurnal Teknik Sipil Vernakular, 11(2), 142–156.

Suryo, A. (2023). Akulturasi budaya pada arsitektur masjid-masjid kuno di Jawa. Jurnal Kebudayaan Nusantara, 11(2), 89–104.

Wali, M. (2024). Konsep vertikalitas dan tauhid dalam arsitektur vernakular Muslim. Jurnal Estetika Islami, 5(1), 12–27.

Wardani, L. K. (2022). Simbolisme ruang dan hiasan pada arsitektur tradisional Jawa berbasis nilai teologis. Jurnal Dimensi Interior, 20(1), 34–48. https://doi.org/10.9744/interior.20.1.34-48

Wibowo, F. (2025). Pendekatan library research dalam studi arsitektur islam tradisional: Sebuah panduan metodologis. Jurnal Metode Penelitian Arsitektur, 4(1), 15–29.

Zulkifli, M. (2024). Validasi data kualitatif pada penelitian arsitektur vernakular berbasis nilai-nilai spiritual. Jurnal Metodologi Riset Seni, 10(3), 218–231.